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The Anglo-Manipur War was an armed conflict between the British Empire and the Kingdom of Manipur. The war lasted between 31 March – 27 April 1891, ending in a British victory. ==Background== The kingdom of Kangeilpak was founded in 1110 A.D. by Loiyumba a ruler of Meitei origin, the kingdom occupied the area of modern-day Manipur. By the beginning of the 19th century Burma became increasingly involved in the affairs of neighboring states. Following the death of Kangeilpak king Bhagyachand, his son Chourjit Singh assumed power. Unsatisfied with the succession Chourjit's brother Marjit Singh launched a failed revolt, later fleeing to Burma. Burmese emperor Bawdawpay seized the opportunity invading Kangeilpak in support of Marjit Singh's claim to the throne. In 1819, Burma annexed Kangeilpak ending Marjit Singh's six year rule, as he led the majority of the population to Cachar. Burmese troops then pursued a campaign of ethnic extermination against the Meitei, reducing Manipur's population to approximately 2500 people. The fall of Kangeilpak opened the way for further successful campaigns in Arakan, Assam and the Brahmaputra valley. The dissolution of the above neutral kingdoms created a direct threat for British holdings in Bengal. On 5 May 1824, Britain declared war on Burma after discovering Burmese plans of attacking the Sylhet district of Bengal. British official David Scott created a force consisting of 2,000 Manipuri refugees, after assuring prince Gambhir Singh of restoring Kangeilpak's sovereignty. The so-called Manipur Levy expelled the Burmese troops from Manipur, on 24 February 1826 Burma and Britain signed the Treaty of Yandaboo, restoring Kangeilpak into an independent state.〔 In the following decades, Britain attempted to gain a foothold in Kangeilpak state affairs by sending a number of political agents. Rising political instability, culminated in the aftermath of Maharajah Chandrakirti's death. On 21 September 1890, prince Kulachandra Singh led his brothers in a revolt against reigning Maharaja Surchandra dethroning him. Surchandra filed a complaint to Viceroy of India Lord Landsdowne, who in turn dispatched 400 Gurkhas under the command of J.W. Quinton, aiming at arresting the conspirators. On 22 March 1891, Quinton reached Imphal requesting the extradition of the coup's main instigator Tikendrajit and the abdication of Maharajah Kulachandra, Quinton's appeal was declined. The following night British troops launched a raid on Tikendrajit residence within the Kangla Palace but were quickly surrounded by Manipuri troops, a large number of civilians were killed in the incident. Quinton then held talks with Kulachandra, expressing his intent at ceasing all hostilities and returning to Kohima. Kulachandra and Tikendrajit perceived Quinton's assertions as an act of deception, Quinton was detained and beheaded along with four other British officers on 24 March 1891. Two British officers were also killed during riots in Mayangkhang.〔 On 27 March 1891, news of the executions reached the British. Colonel Charles James William Grant took the initiative organising a punitive expedition consisting of 50 soldiers of the 12th (Burma) Madras Infantry and 35 members of the 43rd Gurkha Regiment, Grant's column left Tamu, Burma the following day. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Anglo-Manipur War」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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